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 <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
 <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">3. Configure Python</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configure-options">3.1. Configure Options</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-options">3.1.1. General Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-options">3.1.2. Install Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#performance-options">3.1.3. Performance options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-debug-build">3.1.4. Python Debug Build</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-options">3.1.5. Debug options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linker-options">3.1.6. Linker options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#libraries-options">3.1.7. Libraries options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#security-options">3.1.8. Security Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#macos-options">3.1.9. macOS Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-build-system">3.2. Python Build System</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-files-of-the-build-system">3.2.1. Main files of the build system</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-build-steps">3.2.2. Main build steps</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-makefile-targets">3.2.3. Main Makefile targets</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-extensions">3.2.4. C extensions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compiler-and-linker-flags">3.3. Compiler and linker flags</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#preprocessor-flags">3.3.1. Preprocessor flags</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compiler-flags">3.3.2. Compiler flags</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linker-flags">3.3.3. Linker flags</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

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 <section id="configure-python">
<h1>3. Configure Python<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-python" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<section id="configure-options">
<h2>3.1. Configure Options<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
List all <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code> script options using:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>./configure --help
</pre></div>
</div>
See also the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Misc/SpecialBuilds.txt</code> in the Python source distribution.
<section id="general-options">
<h3>3.1.1. General Options<a class="headerlink" href="#general-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions">
--enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Support loadable extensions in the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_sqlite</code> extension module (default
is no).
See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension" title="sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension()</code></a> method of the
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">sqlite3</code></a> module.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-disable-ipv6">
--disable-ipv6<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-disable-ipv6" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Disable IPv6 support (enabled by default if supported), see the
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/socket.html#module-socket" title="socket: Low-level networking interface."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">socket</code></a> module.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-big-digits">
--enable-big-digits=[15|30]<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-big-digits" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Define the size in bits of Python <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">int</code></a> digits: 15 or 30 bits.
By default, the number of bits is selected depending on <code class="docutils literal notranslate">sizeof(void*)</code>:
30 bits if <code class="docutils literal notranslate">void*</code> size is 64-bit or larger, 15 bits otherwise.
Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PYLONG_BITS_IN_DIGIT</code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">15</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">30</code>.
See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.int_info" title="sys.int_info"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">sys.int_info.bits_per_digit</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-0">
--with-cxx-main=COMPILER<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-0" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Compile the Python <code class="docutils literal notranslate">main()</code> function and link Python executable with C++
compiler: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$CXX</code>, or COMPILER if specified.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-suffix">
--with-suffix=SUFFIX<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-suffix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the Python executable suffix to SUFFIX.
The default suffix is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">.exe</code> on Windows and macOS (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">python.exe</code>
executable), and an empty string on other platforms (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> executable).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-tzpath">
--with-tzpath=&lt;list of absolute paths separated by pathsep&gt;<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-tzpath" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Select the default time zone search path for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#zoneinfo.TZPATH" title="zoneinfo.TZPATH"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">zoneinfo.TZPATH</code></a>.
See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#zoneinfo-data-compile-time-config">Compile-time configuration</a> of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#module-zoneinfo" title="zoneinfo: IANA time zone support"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">zoneinfo</code></a> module.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">/usr/share/zoneinfo:/usr/lib/zoneinfo:/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo:/etc/zoneinfo</code>.
See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.pathsep" title="os.pathsep"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">os.pathsep</code></a> path separator.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.9.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-decimal-contextvar">
--without-decimal-contextvar<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-decimal-contextvar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">_decimal</code> extension module using a thread-local context rather
than a coroutine-local context (default), see the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">decimal</code></a> module.
See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR" title="decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR</code></a> and the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/contextvars.html#module-contextvars" title="contextvars: Context Variables"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">contextvars</code></a> module.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.9.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-dbmliborder">
--with-dbmliborder=db1:db2:...<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-dbmliborder" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override order to check db backends for the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm" title="dbm: Interfaces to various Unix &quot;database&quot; formats."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">dbm</code></a> module
A valid value is a colon (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">:</code>) separated string with the backend names:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">ndbm</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">gdbm</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">bdb</code>.</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-c-locale-coercion">
--without-c-locale-coercion<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-c-locale-coercion" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Disable C locale coercion to a UTF-8 based locale (enabled by default).
Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PY_COERCE_C_LOCALE</code> macro.
See <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE</code></a> and the <a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0538">PEP 538</a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-platlibdir">
--with-platlibdir=DIRNAME<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-platlibdir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Python library directory name (default is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">lib</code>).
Fedora and SuSE use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">lib64</code> on 64-bit platforms.
See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.platlibdir" title="sys.platlibdir"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">sys.platlibdir</code></a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.9.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-wheel-pkg-dir">
--with-wheel-pkg-dir=PATH<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-wheel-pkg-dir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Directory of wheel packages used by the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ensurepip.html#module-ensurepip" title="ensurepip: Bootstrapping the &quot;pip&quot; installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">ensurepip</code></a> module
(none by default).
Some Linux distribution packaging policies recommend against bundling
dependencies. For example, Fedora installs wheel packages in the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">/usr/share/python-wheels/</code> directory and don’t install the
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">ensurepip._bundled</code> package.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="install-options">
<h3>3.1.2. Install Options<a class="headerlink" href="#install-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-prefix">
--prefix=PREFIX<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-prefix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Install architecture-independent files in PREFIX. On Unix, it
defaults to <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">/usr/local</code>.
This value can be retrived at runtime using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.prefix" title="sys.prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">sys.prefix</code></a>.
As an example, one can use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">--prefix=&quot;$HOME/.local/&quot;</code> to install
a Python in its home directory.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-exec-prefix">
--exec-prefix=EPREFIX<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-exec-prefix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX, defaults to <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-prefix"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--prefix</code></a>.
This value can be retrived at runtime using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.exec_prefix" title="sys.exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">sys.exec_prefix</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-disable-test-modules">
--disable-test-modules<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-disable-test-modules" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Don’t build nor install test modules, like the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/test.html#module-test" title="test: Regression tests package containing the testing suite for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">test</code></a> package or the
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_testcapi</code> extension module (built and installed by default).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-ensurepip">
--with-ensurepip=[upgrade|install|no]<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-ensurepip" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Select the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ensurepip.html#module-ensurepip" title="ensurepip: Bootstrapping the &quot;pip&quot; installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">ensurepip</code></a> command run on Python installation:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">upgrade</code> (default): run <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python -m ensurepip --altinstall --upgrade</code>
command.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">install</code>: run <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python -m ensurepip --altinstall</code> command;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">no</code>: don’t run ensurepip;</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="performance-options">
<h3>3.1.3. Performance options<a class="headerlink" href="#performance-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Configuring Python using <code class="docutils literal notranslate">--enable-optimizations --with-lto</code> (PGO + LTO) is
recommended for best performance.
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-optimizations">
--enable-optimizations<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-optimizations" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) using <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-PROFILE_TASK"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">PROFILE_TASK</code></a>
(disabled by default).
The C compiler Clang requires <code class="docutils literal notranslate">llvm-profdata</code> program for PGO. On
macOS, GCC also requires it: GCC is just an alias to Clang on macOS.
Disable also semantic interposition in libpython if <code class="docutils literal notranslate">--enable-shared</code> and
GCC is used: add <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-fno-semantic-interposition</code> to the compiler and linker
flags.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.10: Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-fno-semantic-interposition</code> on GCC.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PROFILE_TASK">
PROFILE_TASK<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PROFILE_TASK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Environment variable used in the Makefile: Python command line arguments for
the PGO generation task.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-m test --pgo --timeout=$(TESTTIMEOUT)</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-lto">
--with-lto<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-lto" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable Link Time Optimization (LTO) in any build (disabled by default).
The C compiler Clang requires <code class="docutils literal notranslate">llvm-ar</code> for LTO (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">ar</code> on macOS), as well
as an LTO-aware linker (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">ld.gold</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">lld</code>).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-computed-gotos">
--with-computed-gotos<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-computed-gotos" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable computed gotos in evaluation loop (enabled by default on supported
compilers).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-pymalloc">
--without-pymalloc<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-pymalloc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Disable the specialized Python memory allocator <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#pymalloc">pymalloc</a>
(enabled by default).
See also <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONMALLOC"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">PYTHONMALLOC</code></a> environment variable.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-doc-strings">
--without-doc-strings<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-doc-strings" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Disable static documentation strings to reduce the memory footprint (enabled
by default). Documentation strings defined in Python are not affected.
Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">WITH_DOC_STRINGS</code> macro.
See the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PyDoc_STRVAR()</code> macro.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-profiling">
--enable-profiling<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-profiling" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable C-level code profiling with <code class="docutils literal notranslate">gprof</code> (disabled by default).
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="python-debug-build">
<h3>3.1.4. Python Debug Build<a class="headerlink" href="#python-debug-build" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
A debug build is Python built with the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-pydebug</code></a> configure
option.
Effects of a debug build:
<ul class="simple">
<li>Display all warnings by default: the list of default warning filters is empty
in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#module-warnings" title="warnings: Issue warning messages and control their disposition."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">warnings</code></a> module.</li>
<li>Add <code class="docutils literal notranslate">d</code> to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.abiflags" title="sys.abiflags"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">sys.abiflags</code></a>.</li>
<li>Add <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">sys.gettotalrefcount()</code> function.</li>
<li>Add <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">-X showrefcount</code></a> command line option.</li>
<li>Add <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONTHREADDEBUG"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">PYTHONTHREADDEBUG</code></a> environment variable.</li>
<li>Add support for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">__ltrace__</code> variable: enable low-level tracing in the
bytecode evaluation loop if the variable is defined.</li>
<li>Install <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#default-memory-allocators">debug hooks on memory allocators</a>
to detect buffer overflow and other memory errors.</li>
<li>Define <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_DEBUG</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_REF_DEBUG</code> macros.</li>
<li>Add runtime checks: code surroundeded by <code class="docutils literal notranslate">#ifdef Py_DEBUG</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">#endif</code>.
Enable <code class="docutils literal notranslate">assert(...)</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">_PyObject_ASSERT(...)</code> assertions: don’t set
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NDEBUG</code> macro (see also the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-assertions"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-assertions</code></a> configure
option). Main runtime checks:
<ul>
<li>Add sanity checks on the function arguments.</li>
<li>Unicode and int objects are created with their memory filled with a pattern
to detect usage of uninitialized objects.</li>
<li>Ensure that functions which can clear or replace the current exception are
not called with an exception raised.</li>
<li>The garbage collector (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/gc.html#gc.collect" title="gc.collect"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gc.collect()</code></a> function) runs some basic checks
on objects consistency.</li>
<li>The <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate">Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST()</code> macro checks for integer underflow and
overflow when downcasting from wide types to narrow types.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
See also the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/devmode.html#devmode">Python Development Mode</a> and the
<a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-trace-refs</code></a> configure option.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.8: Release builds and debug builds are now ABI compatible: defining the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_DEBUG</code> macro no longer implies the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_TRACE_REFS</code> macro (see the
<a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-trace-refs</code></a> option), which introduces the only ABI
incompatibility.
</div>
</section>
<section id="debug-options">
<h3>3.1.5. Debug options<a class="headerlink" href="#debug-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-pydebug">
--with-pydebug<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-build">Build Python in debug mode</a>: define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_DEBUG</code>
macro (disabled by default).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-trace-refs">
--with-trace-refs<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable tracing references for debugging purpose (disabled by default).
Effects:
<ul class="simple">
<li>Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_TRACE_REFS</code> macro.</li>
<li>Add <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">sys.getobjects()</code> function.</li>
<li>Add <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONDUMPREFS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">PYTHONDUMPREFS</code></a> environment variable.</li>
</ul>
This build is not ABI compatible with release build (default build) or debug
build (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_DEBUG</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_REF_DEBUG</code> macros).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-assertions">
--with-assertions<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-assertions" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Build with C assertions enabled (default is no): <code class="docutils literal notranslate">assert(...);</code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">_PyObject_ASSERT(...);</code>.
If set, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NDEBUG</code> macro is not defined in the <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-OPT"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">OPT</code></a> compiler
variable.
See also the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-pydebug</code></a> option (<a class="reference internal" href="#debug-build">debug build</a>) which also enables assertions.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-valgrind">
--with-valgrind<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-valgrind" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable Valgrind support (default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-dtrace">
--with-dtrace<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-dtrace" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable DTrace support (default is no).
See <a class="reference internal" href="../howto/instrumentation.html#instrumentation">Instrumenting CPython with DTrace and SystemTap</a>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-address-sanitizer">
--with-address-sanitizer<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-address-sanitizer" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable AddressSanitizer memory error detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">asan</code> (default is no).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-memory-sanitizer">
--with-memory-sanitizer<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-memory-sanitizer" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable MemorySanitizer allocation error detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">msan</code> (default is no).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer">
--with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer undefined behaviour detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">ubsan</code>
(default is no).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="linker-options">
<h3>3.1.6. Linker options<a class="headerlink" href="#linker-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-shared">
--enable-shared<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-shared" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enable building a shared Python library: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libpython</code> (default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-static-libpython">
--without-static-libpython<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-static-libpython" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Do not build <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libpythonMAJOR.MINOR.a</code> and do not install <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python.o</code>
(built and enabled by default).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="libraries-options">
<h3>3.1.7. Libraries options<a class="headerlink" href="#libraries-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libs">
--with-libs='lib1 ...'<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libs" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Link against additional libraries (default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-system-expat">
--with-system-expat<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-system-expat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Build the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">pyexpat</code> module using an installed <code class="docutils literal notranslate">expat</code> library
(default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-system-ffi">
--with-system-ffi<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-system-ffi" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Build the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_ctypes</code> extension module using an installed <code class="docutils literal notranslate">ffi</code>
library, see the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#module-ctypes" title="ctypes: A foreign function library for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">ctypes</code></a> module (default is system-dependent).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-system-libmpdec">
--with-system-libmpdec<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-system-libmpdec" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">_decimal</code> extension module using an installed <code class="docutils literal notranslate">mpdec</code>
library, see the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">decimal</code></a> module (default is no).
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.3.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-readline">
--with-readline=editline<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-readline" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">editline</code> library for backend of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">readline</code></a> module.
Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">WITH_EDITLINE</code> macro.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-readline">
--without-readline<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-readline" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Don’t build the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">readline</code></a> module (built by default).
Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">HAVE_LIBREADLINE</code> macro.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-tcltk-includes">
--with-tcltk-includes='-I...'<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-tcltk-includes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override search for Tcl and Tk include files.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-tcltk-libs">
--with-tcltk-libs='-L...'<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-tcltk-libs" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override search for Tcl and Tk libraries.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libm">
--with-libm=STRING<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libm" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libm</code> math library to STRING (default is system-dependent).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libc">
--with-libc=STRING<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libc</code> C library to STRING (default is system-dependent).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-openssl">
--with-openssl=DIR<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Root of the OpenSSL directory.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.7.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-openssl-rpath">
--with-openssl-rpath=[no|auto|DIR]<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl-rpath" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set runtime library directory (rpath) for OpenSSL libraries:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">no</code> (default): don’t set rpath;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">auto</code>: auto-detect rpath from <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-openssl</code></a> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">pkg-config</code>;</li>
<li>DIR: set an explicit rpath.</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.10.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="security-options">
<h3>3.1.8. Security Options<a class="headerlink" href="#security-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-hash-algorithm">
--with-hash-algorithm=[fnv|siphash24]<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-hash-algorithm" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Select hash algorithm for use in <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Python/pyhash.c</code>:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">siphash24</code> (default).</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">fnv</code>;</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-builtin-hashlib-hashes">
--with-builtin-hashlib-hashes=md5,sha1,sha256,sha512,sha3,blake2<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-builtin-hashlib-hashes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Built-in hash modules:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">md5</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">sha1</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">sha256</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">sha512</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">sha3</code> (with shake);</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">blake2</code>.</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.9.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-ssl-default-suites">
--with-ssl-default-suites=[python|openssl|STRING]<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-ssl-default-suites" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Override the OpenSSL default cipher suites string:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> (default): use Python’s preferred selection;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">openssl</code>: leave OpenSSL’s defaults untouched;</li>
<li>STRING: use a custom string</li>
</ul>
See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#module-ssl" title="ssl: TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">ssl</code></a> module.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.7.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.10: The settings <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> and STRING also set TLS 1.2 as minimum
protocol version.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="macos-options">
<h3>3.1.9. macOS Options<a class="headerlink" href="#macos-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
See <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Mac/README.rst</code>.
<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-universalsdk">
--enable-universalsdk<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-universalsdk" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-1">
--enable-universalsdk=SDKDIR<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-1" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create a universal binary build. SDKDIR specifies which macOS SDK should
be used to perform the build (default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-framework">
--enable-framework<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-framework" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-2">
--enable-framework=INSTALLDIR<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-2" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Create a Python.framework rather than a traditional Unix install. Optional
INSTALLDIR specifies the installation path (default is no).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-universal-archs">
--with-universal-archs=ARCH<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-universal-archs" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Specify the kind of universal binary that should be created. This option is
only valid when <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-1"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--enable-universalsdk</code></a> is set.
Options:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">universal2</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">32-bit</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">64-bit</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">3-way</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">intel</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">intel-32</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">intel-64</code>;</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">all</code>.</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std cmdoption">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-framework-name">
--with-framework-name=FRAMEWORK<a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-framework-name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Specify the name for the python framework on macOS only valid when
<a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-2"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--enable-framework</code></a> is set (default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Python</code>).
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>
<section id="python-build-system">
<h2>3.2. Python Build System<a class="headerlink" href="#python-build-system" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<section id="main-files-of-the-build-system">
<h3>3.2.1. Main files of the build system<a class="headerlink" href="#main-files-of-the-build-system" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="file docutils literal notranslate">configure.ac</code> =&gt; <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">configure</code>;</li>
<li><code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Makefile.pre.in</code> =&gt; <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Makefile</code> (created by <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">configure</code>);</li>
<li><code class="file docutils literal notranslate">pyconfig.h</code> (created by <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">configure</code>);</li>
<li><code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Modules/Setup</code>: C extensions built by the Makefile using
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Module/makesetup</code> shell script;</li>
<li><code class="file docutils literal notranslate">setup.py</code>: C extensions built using the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/distutils.html#module-distutils" title="distutils: Support for building and installing Python modules into an existing Python installation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">distutils</code></a> module.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="main-build-steps">
<h3>3.2.2. Main build steps<a class="headerlink" href="#main-build-steps" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>C files (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">.c</code>) are built as object files (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">.o</code>).</li>
<li>A static <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libpython</code> library (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">.a</code>) is created from objects files.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">python.o</code> and the static <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libpython</code> library are linked into the
final <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> program.</li>
<li>C extensions are built by the Makefile (see <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Modules/Setup</code>)
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python setup.py build</code>.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="main-makefile-targets">
<h3>3.2.3. Main Makefile targets<a class="headerlink" href="#main-makefile-targets" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make</code>: Build Python with the standard library.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make platform:</code>: build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> program, but don’t build the
standard library extension modules.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make profile-opt</code>: build Python using Profile Guided Optimization (PGO).
You can use the configure <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-optimizations"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--enable-optimizations</code></a> option to make
this the default target of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">make</code> command (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">make all</code> or just
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">make</code>).</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make buildbottest</code>: Build Python and run the Python test suite, the same
way than buildbots test Python. Set <code class="docutils literal notranslate">TESTTIMEOUT</code> variable (in seconds)
to change the test timeout (1200 by default: 20 minutes).</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make install</code>: Build and install Python.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make regen-all</code>: Regenerate (almost) all generated files;
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">make regen-stdlib-module-names</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">autoconf</code> must be run separately
for the remaining generated files.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make clean</code>: Remove built files.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">make distclean</code>: Same than <code class="docutils literal notranslate">make clean</code>, but remove also files created
by the configure script.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="c-extensions">
<h3>3.2.4. C extensions<a class="headerlink" href="#c-extensions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Some C extensions are built as built-in modules, like the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">sys</code> module.
They are built with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</code> macro defined.
Built-in modules have no <code class="docutils literal notranslate">__file__</code> attribute:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import sys
&gt;&gt;&gt; sys
&lt;module &#39;sys&#39; (built-in)&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; sys.__file__
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
AttributeError: module &#39;sys&#39; has no attribute &#39;__file__&#39;
</pre></div>
</div>
Other C extensins are built as dynamic libraries, like the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">_asyncio</code> module.
They are built with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</code> macro defined.
Example on Linux x86-64:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import _asyncio
&gt;&gt;&gt; _asyncio
&lt;module &#39;_asyncio&#39; from &#39;/usr/lib64/python3.9/lib-dynload/_asyncio.cpython-39-x86_64-linux-gnu.so&#39;&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; _asyncio.__file__
&#39;/usr/lib64/python3.9/lib-dynload/_asyncio.cpython-39-x86_64-linux-gnu.so&#39;
</pre></div>
</div>
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Modules/Setup</code> is used to generate Makefile targets to build C extensions.
At the beginning of the files, C extensions are built as built-in modules.
Extensions defined after the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">*shared*</code> marker are built as dynamic libraries.
The <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">setup.py</code> script only builds C extensions as shared libraries using
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/distutils.html#module-distutils" title="distutils: Support for building and installing Python modules into an existing Python installation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">distutils</code></a> module.
The <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate">PyAPI_FUNC()</code>, <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate">PyAPI_API()</code> and
<code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate">PyMODINIT_FUNC()</code> macros of <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">Include/pyport.h</code> are defined
differently depending if the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</code> macro is defined:
<ul class="simple">
<li>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_EXPORTED_SYMBOL</code> if the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</code> is defined</li>
<li>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_IMPORTED_SYMBOL</code> otherwise.</li>
</ul>
If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Py_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</code> macro is used by mistake on a C extension
built as a shared library, its <code class="docutils literal notranslate">PyInit_xxx()</code> function is not exported,
causing an <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ImportError" title="ImportError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ImportError</code></a> on import.
</section>
</section>
<section id="compiler-and-linker-flags">
<h2>3.3. Compiler and linker flags<a class="headerlink" href="#compiler-and-linker-flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Options set by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code> script and environment variables and used by
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">Makefile</code>.
<section id="preprocessor-flags">
<h3>3.3.1. Preprocessor flags<a class="headerlink" href="#preprocessor-flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS">
CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Value of <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CPPFLAGS</code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code> script.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CPPFLAGS">
CPPFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>(Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-I&lt;include dir&gt;</code> if you have
headers in a nonstandard directory <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&lt;include dir&gt;</code>.
Both <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CPPFLAGS</code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> need to contain the shell’s
value for setup.py to be able to build extension modules using the
directories specified in the environment variables.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BASECPPFLAGS">
BASECPPFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BASECPPFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CPPFLAGS">
PY_CPPFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CPPFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Extra preprocessor flags added for building the interpreter object files.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(BASECPPFLAGS) -I. -I$(srcdir)/Include $(CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS)</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="compiler-flags">
<h3>3.3.2. Compiler flags<a class="headerlink" href="#compiler-flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CC">
CC<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CC" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>C compiler command.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">gcc -pthread</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-MAINCC">
MAINCC<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-MAINCC" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>C compiler command used to build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">main()</code> function of programs like
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code>.
Variable set by the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-0"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-cxx-main</code></a> option of the configure
script.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(CC)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CXX">
CXX<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CXX" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>C++ compiler command.
Used if the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-0"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--with-cxx-main</code></a> option is used.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">g++ -pthread</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS">
CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>C compiler flags.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST">
CFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS_NODIST</code></a> is used for building the interpreter and stdlib C
extensions. Use it when a compiler flag should not be part of the
distutils <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS</code></a> once Python is installed (<a class="reference external" href="https://bugs.python.org/issue?&#64;action=redirect&amp;bpo=21121">bpo-21121</a>).
In particular, <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS</code></a> should not contain:
<ul class="simple">
<li>the compiler flag <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-I</code> (for setting the search path for include files).
The <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-I</code> flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
<a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS</code></a> would take precedence over user- and package-supplied <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-I</code>
flags.</li>
<li>hardening flags such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-Werror</code> because distributions cannot control
whether packages installed by users conform to such heightened
standards.</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-EXTRA_CFLAGS">
EXTRA_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-EXTRA_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Extra C compiler flags.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS">
CONFIGURE_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Value of <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS</code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code>
script.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST">
CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Value of <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS_NODIST</code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code>
script.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BASECFLAGS">
BASECFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BASECFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Base compiler flags.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-OPT">
OPT<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-OPT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Optimization flags.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS_ALIASING">
CFLAGS_ALIASING<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_ALIASING" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Strict or non-strict aliasing flags used to compile <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Python/dtoa.c</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.7.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CCSHARED">
CCSHARED<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CCSHARED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Compiler flags used to build a shared library.
For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-fPIC</code> is used on Linux and on BSD.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGSFORSHARED">
CFLAGSFORSHARED<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGSFORSHARED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Extra C flags added for building the interpreter object files.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(CCSHARED)</code> when <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-shared"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate">--enable-shared</code></a> is used, or an empty
string otherwise.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CFLAGS">
PY_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(BASECFLAGS) $(OPT) $(CONFIGURE_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CFLAGS_NODIST">
PY_CFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST) $(CFLAGS_NODIST) -I$(srcdir)/Include/internal</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS">
PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>C flags used for building the interpreter object files.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(PY_CFLAGS) $(PY_CFLAGS_NODIST) $(PY_CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGSFORSHARED)</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.7.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CORE_CFLAGS">
PY_CORE_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CORE_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS) -DPy_BUILD_CORE</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS">
PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Compiler flags to build a standard library extension module as a built-in
module, like the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/posix.html#module-posix" title="posix: The most common POSIX system calls (normally used via module os). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">posix</code></a> module.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS) -DPy_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PURIFY">
PURIFY<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PURIFY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Purify command. Purify is a memory debugger program.
Default: empty string (not used).
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="linker-flags">
<h3>3.3.3. Linker flags<a class="headerlink" href="#linker-flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LINKCC">
LINKCC<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LINKCC" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Linker command used to build programs like <code class="docutils literal notranslate">python</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">_testembed</code>.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(PURIFY) $(MAINCC)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS">
CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Value of <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code> script.
Avoid assigning <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a>, etc. so users can use
them on the command line to append to these values without stomping the
pre-set values.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST">
LDFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS_NODIST</code></a> is used in the same manner as
<a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CFLAGS_NODIST</code></a>. Use it when a linker flag should not be part of
the distutils <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> once Python is installed (<a class="reference external" href="https://bugs.python.org/issue?&#64;action=redirect&amp;bpo=35257">bpo-35257</a>).
In particular, <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> should not contain:
<ul class="simple">
<li>the compiler flag <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-L</code> (for setting the search path for libraries).
The <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-L</code> flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
<a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> would take precedence over user- and package-supplied <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-L</code>
flags.</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST">
CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Value of <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS_NODIST</code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">./configure</code>
script.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDFLAGS">
LDFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Linker flags, e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-L&lt;lib dir&gt;</code> if you have libraries in a nonstandard
directory <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&lt;lib dir&gt;</code>.
Both <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">CPPFLAGS</code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">LDFLAGS</code></a> need to contain the shell’s
value for setup.py to be able to build extension modules using the
directories specified in the environment variables.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LIBS">
LIBS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LIBS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Linker flags to pass libraries to the linker when linking the Python
executable.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-lrt</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDSHARED">
LDSHARED<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDSHARED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Command to build a shared library.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&#64;LDSHARED&#64; $(PY_LDFLAGS)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BLDSHARED">
BLDSHARED<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BLDSHARED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Command to build <code class="docutils literal notranslate">libpython</code> shared library.
Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&#64;BLDSHARED&#64; $(PY_CORE_LDFLAGS)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_LDFLAGS">
PY_LDFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_LDFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST">
PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">$(CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST) $(LDFLAGS_NODIST)</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std envvar">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CORE_LDFLAGS">
PY_CORE_LDFLAGS<a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CORE_LDFLAGS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Linker flags used for building the interpreter object files.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>
</section>

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 <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
 <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
 <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">3. Configure Python</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configure-options">3.1. Configure Options</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-options">3.1.1. General Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-options">3.1.2. Install Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#performance-options">3.1.3. Performance options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-debug-build">3.1.4. Python Debug Build</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-options">3.1.5. Debug options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linker-options">3.1.6. Linker options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#libraries-options">3.1.7. Libraries options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#security-options">3.1.8. Security Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#macos-options">3.1.9. macOS Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-build-system">3.2. Python Build System</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-files-of-the-build-system">3.2.1. Main files of the build system</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-build-steps">3.2.2. Main build steps</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#main-makefile-targets">3.2.3. Main Makefile targets</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-extensions">3.2.4. C extensions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compiler-and-linker-flags">3.3. Compiler and linker flags</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#preprocessor-flags">3.3.1. Preprocessor flags</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compiler-flags">3.3.2. Compiler flags</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linker-flags">3.3.3. Linker flags</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

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